Health

         Stand up for your health
Health, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity,This definition has been subject to controversy, as it may have limited value for implementation,Health may be defined as the ability to adapt and manage physical, mental and social challenges throughout life.
Stand up is to be in an upright position on your feet,upon understanding health and stand up i came to realised that health of living things deserves a better treatment and this can only be done when you and I arise upright to conquer health of unprevalleged people and also prevalleged people,i looked into different ways in which good health can be implemented and below where some of the things
Promoting functions,such as health drama,poetry,debate,music ,art and quiz

Provinding basic needs to unprevalled people

Health education is any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes.

Afforestation the planting of trees in empty lands, we can help promote the fast propagation of certain types of trees in the wood industry. Since the demand for building materials and wood fuels is increasing, afforestation helps to meet the demands without cutting down the natural forests.

Encourage exercise,exercise is any movement that makes your muscles work and requires your body to burn calories. There are many types of physical activity, including swimming, running, jogging, walking and dancing, to name a few. Being active has been shown to have many health benefits, both physically and mentally.

How do we stand up for our health?

We can stand up for our health if we can say yes to good health ,that mean you and I ,can come together and start promoting health ,which include your home and the community you live in,I know am a student but that can't let me down not to help other people suffering more than I am. Am bugging you readers of this message,once in your life help this move around the world by supporting the program financially ,any amount is accepteble , and recall that even what you have is only by the grace of God.lastly I will be hosting  stand up for your health for the first time in Zambia on 26 th october 2019 ,venue not yet decided due to lack of finances ,but soon will be published .contact +260971403393,darriussimps017@gmail.com

                       pollution
 Pollution is a major ploblem the global is facing.scientists says,  Although global health investments focus on AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis, recent estimates say pollution kills three times as many people.

 impact of pollution on human health is higher than any disease ,according to John Balbus, M.D. NIEHS senior advisor for public health.said though we normally focus on on aids,malaria,tuberculosis,Yet forgetting that pollution is supposed to be financed or funded more than these diseases, which receives  the lion’s share of investment in global health.The 2019 World Environment Day was marked by campaigns to fight air pollution around the world, as the UN and governments highlighted that seven million people, including 600,000 children, die annually from causes related to poor air quality. David Boyd, UN Special Rapporteur on human rights and the environment, issued a statement calling on governments to treat the issue urgently, as part of their human rights commitments.i think it's better to gate up and start doing what's good for everyone when we are still having time.

                                                            Ebola

                                                             Aim
To understand the virus called ebola and what is this ebola and what region it has affected ,how can you treat it ,how it can be transmitted through place to place and from human being to human ,and the midiat which help it to be possible to travel from some region,even what should be done for the person who is affected or how to cure the affected person .

 
                                                  Introduction
Ebola is a rare but deadly virus that causes fever, body aches, and diarrhea, and sometimes bleeding inside and outside the body.As the virus spreads through the body, it damages the immune system and organs. Ultimately, it causes levels of blood-clotting cells to drop. This leads to severe, uncontrollable bleeding.The disease was known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever but is now referred to as Ebola virus.It kills up to 90% of people who are infected,There are five types of Ebola virus. Four of them cause the disease in humans.The Ebola virus first appeared during two 1976 outbreaks in Africa.Ebola gets its name from the Ebola River, which is near one of the villages in the Democratic Republic of Congo where the disease first appeared .

                                                  Transmission
Ebola isn’t as contagious as more common viruses like Ebola isn’t as contagious as more common viruses like colds, influenza, or measles. It spreads to people by contact with the skin or bodily fluids of an infected animal, like a monkey, chimp, or fruit bat. Then it moves from person to person the same way. Those who care for a sick person or bury someone who has died from the disease often get it.Other ways to get Ebola include touching contaminated needles or surfaces.You can’t get Ebola from air, water, or food. A person who has Ebola but has no symptoms can’t spread the disease, either.
     
                                            Symptoms
Early on, Ebola can feel like the flu or other illnesses. Symptoms show up 2 to 21 days after infection and usually include:

• High fever
•  Headache
•  Joint and muscle aches 
• Sore throat 
• Weakness 
• Stomach pain
•  Lack of appetite

 As the disease gets worse, it causes bleeding inside the body, as well as from the eyes, ears, and nose. Some people will vomit or cough up blood, have bloody diarrhea, and get a rash.
 
                                                  Diagnosis   
sometimes it's hard to tell if a person has Ebola from the symptoms alone. Doctors may test to rule out other diseases like cholera or malaria.Tests of blood and tissues also can diagnose Ebola.If you have Ebola, you’ll be isolated from the public immediately to prevent the spread.

                                                                       
                                                 Treatment
There’s no cure for Ebola, though researchers are working on it. Treatment includes an experimental serum that destroys infected cells. Doctors manage the symptoms of Ebola with: Fluids and electrolytes Oxygen Blood pressure medication Blood transfusions Treatment for other infections, Prevention There’s no vaccine to prevent Ebola. The best way to avoid catching the disease is by not traveling to areas where the virus is found.If you are in areas where Ebola is present, avoid contact with bats, monkeys, chimpanzees, and gorillas since these animals spread Ebola to people. Health care workers can prevent infection by wearing masks, gloves, and goggles whenever they come into contact with people who may have Ebola. 

   
                     Conclusion
   In conclusion ebola it is the disease which can only be transmitted by the contact of the body parts, and sometimes its by the contact of the animals such as the gorira and monkey which as been proved to be most common animals to be be cariers of the virus especially in congo and some countries. ebola can be prevented by avoiding the contact and by not going into countries affected by ebola.       

        What are the health benefits of                                   guava?          By Lana Burgess
 Guava fruit may help treat a range of conditions, including type 2 diabetes. Drinking guava leaf tea is an easy way to enjoy the health benefits of the fruit. Guava contains vitamin A and potassium.

Guava is a traditional remedy for a range of health conditions. Research suggests that guava fruits and leaves may have a number of benefits. Guavas are tropical fruits with yellowish-green skin, and they grow on trees. People use guava leaf tea as a treatment for diarrhea in several countries, including India and China. In other countries, such as Mexico, people have traditionally used the flesh of the fruit to heal wounds. In this article, we explore some potential health benefits and uses of guava. We also describe nutritional information, risks, and how to incorporate guava into the diet. Type 2 diabetes Guava leaf tea may help prevent spikes in blood sugar and improve symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes. A 2010 review of evidence from clinical trials and animal studies suggests that guava leaf tea may help improve insulin resistance and lower blood sugar levels. These benefits may result from compounds in guava leaf extract helping to moderate glucose absorption after a person eats a meal. Menstrual cramps Taking supplements containing guava leaf extract may reduce menstrual cramps. The results of a study from 2007 suggest that taking guava leaf extract supplements may relieve menstrual pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea. Participants who took 6 milligrams (mg) of the extract each day experienced less menstrual pain than those taking ibuprofen or a placebo. RELATED ARTICLE Top 12 healthful fruits Eating more fruit is generally good for the body. Learn about the 12 most healthful fruits here. READ NOW Diarrhea Guava leaf tea is a traditional remedy for diarrhea in many parts of the world. Evidence from animal studies suggests that the leaf extract may have the potential to treat infectious diarrhea. A 2015 study investigated the use of this extract in mice with infectious diarrhea. The infection cleared more quickly in the mice who consumed guava leaf extract than in those who did not. The researchers noted that guava leaf extract shows promise as a treatment for this illness. Another study from 2015 found that guava leaf extract helped control diarrhea in chickens with Escherichia coli infections. However, scientists need to carry out more research to confirm these findings in humans. Flu Drinking guava leaf tea may help people fight off the flu. In a 2012 test tube study, guava leaf tea showed promise as an antiviral agent for flu treatment. The researchers found that the tea inhibited the growth of the virus that causes the flu. The antiviral effect of the tea may result from the leaf's flavanols, which are a natural antioxidant. Confirming the effects in humans will require further research. Blood pressure Consuming guava leaf extract may help lower high blood pressure. A 2016 test tube study found that the extract had an antihypertensive effect in rat tissues, which means that it may have the potential to reduce blood pressure. This effect may be due to the leaf extract's antioxidant properties. Antioxidants may lower blood pressure by helping to expand blood vessels. However, scientists need to carry out more studies to determine whether guava leaf extract can reduce high blood pressure in humans. Osteoarthritis Some research in animals suggests that guava leaf extract may benefit people with osteoarthritis. A 2018 study found that consuming the extract protected against cartilage destruction in rats with induced osteoarthritis. However, researchers have yet to confirm this effect in humans. Cancer Guava leaf extract may eventually play a role in cancer treatment. Results of a 2014 test tube, animal, and computer study suggest that compounds in the extract may inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The researchers believe that the effect may occur because guava leaf compounds act like selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). SERMs are a class of drugs that doctors use to treat cancer. They work by preventing cancer cells from multiplying. However, scientists need to conduct clinical trials in humans to better understand the potential for these compounds to combat cancer. Nutritional information Guava fruit is a nutritious and healthful food that is rich in several important nutrients. According to the United States Department of Agriculture , 100 grams (g) of raw guava fruit contain: 68 calories 14.32 g of carbohydrates 8.92 g of sugars 0.95 g of fat 5.4 g of dietary fiber 417 mg of potassium 228.3 mg of vitamin C 624 international units of vitamin A Adverse effects and risks A 2017 review of research into guava did not highlight any notable adverse effects of eating guava fruit, consuming guava leaf tea, or taking guava leaf extract supplements. However, there is not enough evidence to rule out the possibility. Any remedies or supplements that do not have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval may cause adverse effects. Anyone who is pregnant or breastfeeding should consult a doctor before taking guava leaf extract. It is not clear whether this extract can interact with medications. Anyone using medicines on an ongoing basis should speak to a doctor before trying a new remedy. How to eat guava Some people enjoy sliced guava, either on its own or with yogurt. Others use the fruit in smoothies or add guava leaves to boiled water to create an herbal tea. Some recipe ideas for guava include: buñuelos with spiced guava syrup banana guava smoothie guava and sweet cheese crepes Using guava supplements Many health stores sell dietary supplements that contain guava leaf extract. A person usually takes these daily, but it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions. It is also advisable to speak to a doctor before taking any new dietary supplement, especially when trying to treat a specific health issue. Various guava dietary supplements are available to purchase online . Summary Guava is a traditional remedy for a number of ailments. Preliminary research suggests that compounds in guava leaf extract may have a positive effect on a range of illnesses and symptoms, including menstrual cramps, diarrhea, the flu, type 2 diabetes.

                                         ENVIRONMENTAL RISK
The burden of disease can be reduced by reducing environmental risks to health, If we can estimate the burden of disease from environmental risks, we also can find the most important priorities for targeted environmental protection, while helping to promote the idea that sound environmental management plays a key role in protecting people’s health. Early estimates of the global disease burden attributable to the environment, derived partly on the basis of expert opinion, were in general agreement (WHO, 1997: 23%; Smith, Corvalàn and Kjellström, 1999: 25—33%). A third major study of OECD countries, however, yielded significantly different results, concluding that only 2.1%-5.0% of the overall disease burden was attributable to the environment (Melse and de Hollander, 2001). This lower estimate can be explained both by the methodology used and research scope (e.g. occupational risk factors were not considered), and the different impact environmental risks have on health in developed countries – as compared to developing ones. Even more recently, WHO developed a framework for a much more rigorous approach to burden of disease estimations. This project, known as the Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA), considered 6 environmental and occupational risk factors among a set of 26 environmental, occupational, social and behavioural risk factors having a major impact on population health (WHO, 2002). The total disease burden attributable to these risk factors was estimated across all 14 WHO subregions, 8 age groups, and by gender. The six environmental and occupational risk factors considered in the CRA were factors for which there was clear causal evidence that could be applied globally; for which global estimates of exposure could be obtained; and which had large impacts on people's health. However, this assessment remained limited in terms of the range of environmental risks assessed, and with respect to quantification of impacts in terms of specific health conditions. The present analysis goes a step further, providing timely new estimates of burden of disease from a much broader range of environmental risk factors, and in terms of the categories of diseases and health conditions affected. The analysis makes use of the results from the CRA, complemented by extensive literature reviews and standardized surveys of expert opinions, in an approach that aims to improve scientific rigour and transparency. Focusing on modifiable environmental risks, the current assessment examines "how much" such factors affect various diseases and injuries – both in terms of premature mortality and in terms of overall disease burden as measured by DALY's (disability adjusted life years), a weighted measure of death and disability. The definition of "modifiable" environmental risk factors include those reasonably amenable to management or change. Factors not readily modifiable were not considered here. The analysis considered most environmental risks and related diseases that could be quantified from available evidence. In some cases, however, disease burden from a known environmental risk was not quantifiable. This included certain diseases associated with changed, damaged or depleted ecosystems, and diseases associated with exposures to endocrine disrupting substances. The resulting analysis thus remains a conservative estimate of environmental disease burden.

Zambia

Preventing Diseases through healthy                          environment 

This global assessment provides quantitative estimates of 'burden of disease' from environmental factors across the major categories of reported diseases and injuries. By focusing on the disease endpoint, and how various kinds of diseases are impacted by environmental influences, the analysis forges new ground in an understanding of interactions between environment and health. The estimates, in effect, reflect how much death, illness and disability could realistically be avoided every year as a result of reduced human exposures to environmental hazards. Specifically considered here are "modifiable" environmental factors realistically amenable to change using available technologies, policies, and preventive and public health measures. These environmental factors include physical, chemical and biological hazards that directly affect health and also increase unhealthy behaviours (e.g. physical inactivity). The analysis builds upon the Comparative Risk Assessment coordinated by WHO in 2002, which looked at the total burden of disease attributable to some of the most important environmental hazards, and upon other quantitative surveys of health impacts from the environment. When quantitative data were too scarce for meaningful statistical analysis, experts in environmental health and health care provided estimates. More than 100 experts from around the world contributed with reference to 85 categories of diseases and injuries. Estimates are quantified in terms of mortality from the attributable environmental fraction of each disease condition, and in terms of 'disability adjusted life years' (DALYs) – a weighted measure of death, illness and disability. While there are gaps in the reporting of many diseases at country level, this analysis makes use of the best available data on overall disease burden, globally and regionally, as reported by WHO (World Health Report, 2004). The results and conclusions of this assessment are of particular relevance to the health-care sector, where policies and programmes generally address specific diseases or injuries. A better understanding of the disease impacts of various environmental factors can help guide policymakers in designing preventive health measures that not only reduce disease, but also reduce costs to the health-care system. The findings also are highly relevant to non-health sectors, whose activities influence many of the root environmental factors – such as air and water quality, patterns of energy use, and patterns of land use and urban design – which affect health and behaviour directly and indirectly. 

Prevention

                                     Prevention
 The questions lies at the heart of our global efforts to address the root causes of ill health through improved preventive health strategies - using the full range of policies, interventions and technologies of our knowledge. Previous World Health Organization studies have examined the aggregate disease burden attributed to key environmental risks globally and regionally, quantifying the amount of death and disease caused by factors such as unsafe drinking-water and sanitation, and indoor and outdoor air pollution. Building from that experience, this present study examines how specific diseases and injuries are impacted by environmental risks, and which regions and populations are most vulnerable to environmentally-mediated diseases and injuries. This report confirms that approximately one-quarter of the global disease burden, and more than one-third of the burden among children, is due to modifiable environmental factors. The analysis here also goes a step further, and systematically analyzes how different diseases are impacted by environmental risks… and by 'how much.' Heading that list are diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, various forms of unintentional injuries, and malaria. This 'environmentally-mediated' disease burden is much higher in the developing world than in developed countries - although in the case of certain non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers, the per capita disease burden is larger in developed countries. Children bear the highest death toll with more than 4 million environmentally-caused deaths yearly, mostly in developing countries. The infant death rate from environmental causes is 12 times higher in developing than in developed countries, reflecting the human health gain that could be achieved by supporting healthy environments.

                  Core for diseases prevention

1. Setting priorities 
2.  Surveillance- to detecting and report cases
3.  Outbreak investigation –to confirm their existence
4.  Choosing a control strategy
5.  Taking action-control/response; policy; 
6. feedback
7.  Assessing the results of action
8. Visiting 

• 
  

1.           

Let's fight for our green vegetation

WHEN THE ENVIRONMENT IS GREEN IT FEELS NICE

 GREEN LAND

We can change the evironment

Environment change
The change of the artmosphere conditions which can leads to global warming. According to the reaserchs done it's proven that carbon is rising rapidly going into atmosphere which when react with ozone layer it cause a damage to the blanket like layer which prevent direct untro violet radiation ,which can lead to the following

• Ice melting 
• Drying land 
• Bush fire
• Skin change
•